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Do We Still Need Affirmative Action?

“I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.” With an African-American in the nation’s highest office, have we realized the dream Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. spoke of nearly half a century ago--or do we have a long way to go? Are the affirmative action programs initiated since still necessary?

Yes

By: American Association for Affirmative Action

Freedom Is Not Enough



President Lyndon B. Johnson said it best in 1965, and his words ring true today: "Freedom is not enough. … You do not take a person who, for years, has been hobbled by chains and liberate him, bring him up to the starting line of a race and then say, 'You are free to compete with all the others,' and still justly believe that you have been completely fair.

"Thus it is not enough just to open the gates of opportunity. All our citizens must have the ability to walk through those gates.

"This is the next and the more profound stage of the battle for civil rights. We seek not just freedom, but opportunity. We seek not just legal equity but human ability, not just equality as a right and a theory but equality as a fact and equality as a result."

The essence of affirmative action is opportunity, and the need to keep the doors of opportunity open to disadvantaged women and minorities remains today.

Affirmative Action Addresses Continued Discrimination



Discrimination still exists. Now more than ever, the continued use of affirmative action is needed to address existing discrimination, break down barriers and ensure that all individuals have an equal opportunity to demonstrate their talents and abilities. In fiscal year 2007, 82,792 charges of discrimination were filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, up from 75,768 in 2006.

Affirmative action prevents discrimination by encouraging efforts to investigate and eliminate barriers to equal opportunity before they become discriminatory acts. Affirmative action also calls on employers to diversify the pool of qualified individuals from which it makes a selection. It does not require quotas or preferences. Affirmative action eliminates race and gender preferences that some have enjoyed for centuries. Affirmative action gives everyone a chance to compete.

As a nation, we have made significant progress in recent years in creating equal access to opportunity, but much work remains to be done. Affirmative action presents itself as a proven solution to addressing existing discrimination and promoting equal opportunity.

Ending affirmative action would end the dreams of opportunity for many. Policies and programs to ensure equality of opportunity provide the only assurance that many women, people of color, veterans and the disabled have that they can compete--and be evaluated fairly--for jobs and educational opportunities.

Consider Race to Get Beyond Racism



In 1978, the U.S. Supreme Court in Regents of the University of California v. Bakke upheld the use of race as one factor in choosing among qualified applicants for college admission. At the same time, it ruled unlawful the University of California at Davis’ medical school practice of reserving seats in each entering class for disadvantaged minority students. In Bakke, Justice Harry Blackmun wrote, "In order to get beyond racism, we must first take account of race. There is no other way."

Opposition Miscategorizes Affirmative Action



Affirmative action refers to positive steps aimed at increasing the inclusion of historically excluded groups in employment, education and business.

Affirmative-action goals are not intended to achieve proportional representation or equal results. Numerical goals do not create guarantees for specific groups or preferences, nor are they designed to achieve proportional representation or equal results.

No requirement exists that any specific position be filled by a person of a particular race, gender or ethnicity. By casting a wider net and recruiting a diverse pool of qualified individuals, an affirmative-action employer eliminates preferences and levels the playing field for all. The essence of affirmative action is opportunity.

In seeking to achieve its goals, an employer is never required to hire a person who does not have the qualifications needed to perform the job successfully. Affirmative action prevents discrimination; it does not cause it.

Changing Demographics Necessitate Continued Affirmative Action



Affirmative action will continue to be necessary because of the nation’s changing demographics and the need to include these human resources for the sake of our domestic interests and international competitiveness.

The Census Bureau calculates that by 2042, Americans who identify themselves as Hispanic, black, Asian, American Indian, Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander will together outnumber non-Hispanic whites. Diversity strategies (including affirmative action) will be essential to integrate all of these segments of society, from the entry level to the executive suite, in government as well as the private sector. Affirmative action will continue to be important as a means to promote representation and to effectively manage increasingly diverse employees in the workplace. Affirmative action and diversity programs will also be needed to admit an increasingly diverse group of qualified and talented students into institutions of higher education.

While discrimination continues to exist, its antidote, affirmative action, will be necessary: for inclusion and prevention and to remedy the effects of past discrimination.

No

By: Center for Equal Opportunity

First, Define "Affirmative Action"



Let’s begin by defining “affirmative action,” since it includes a variety of policies--many noncontroversial. For instance, the term originally meant taking positive steps to end discrimination. No one opposes that today. It can also mean “casting a wide net”--that is, recruiting far and wide to make sure that you are hiring the best qualified person. That’s fine, too.

But if race or ethnicity is considered as a factor in admissions, hiring or promotion, or contracting, then we must acknowledge that discrimination is taking place. We can’t dodge this fact by saying that rigid quotas aren’t being used, that all those selected meet some minimum set of qualifications, that race is just one factor, or that alumni or athletes are also given preferences. Finally, we must acknowledge that the degree of preference given is often huge; race is not just a tiebreaker.

Too often, the debate focuses simply on whether there is some benefit to using racial preferences. As discussed below, we believe those purported benefits are unpersuasive. But even if you think there are benefits, you must also ask whether those benefits outweigh the costs.

Consider this example: Suppose someone argued against desegregation because he thought this would disrupt the coaching staff of the high-school football team, causing the team to lose more games. Even if this were so, we would conclude that getting rid of Jim Crow was much more important than the football team’s record. Likewise, even if you believe there is some marginal benefit to classroom discussion by having a more “diverse” student body, you have to ask whether such benefits are worth the costs of something as divisive and unfair as racial discrimination.

No Legal Basis for Affirmative Discrimination



Two basic justifications are given for affirmative discrimination. The first, which has the most visceral appeal, is that it is needed to make up for past discrimination. There is, however, a legal and a policy problem with this argument. The legal problem is that the Supreme Court has repeatedly rejected it, stating that racial preferences cannot be justified by pointing to broad societal or historical discrimination. And the Court was right to do so. Remember, those now receiving college-admissions preferences are not slaves, former slaves or individuals who were alive during the Jim Crow era. This does not mean that racial discrimination no longer exists, and perhaps some of these individuals can point in particular to socioeconomic disadvantages they suffer and can trace to discrimination. But people who suffer from socioeconomic disadvantages come in all colors, so why not include all of them in affirmative action programs? Conversely, the overwhelming majority (86 percent) of African-Americans given college admission preferences to select schools are not socioeconomically disadvantaged.

Racial Diversity Doesn't Guarantee True Diversity



The second justification is the benefit of having a student body or workforce that reflects a politically correct racial and ethnic mix. This presumes that we can use skin color and national origin to predict an individual’s background, experiences and perspectives, and that the individual will interact with the rest of the group in a way that reflects those characteristics. In other words, it relies on stereotyping.

But we cannot and should not assume that, because a person is Latino, for instance, he or she will have a particular history or perspectives. If a company wants to hire someone who knows about how to market a product in the American Southwest, it should hire someone with that expertise (regardless of ethnicity), rather than assuming that any Latino (including, say, a Puerto Rican who grew up in New York City) will do.

The Costs Outweigh the Benefits



But suppose you believe there are some benefits to using racial preferences. You must then ask if they are worth the costs--and the costs are considerable:

Affirmative discrimination is personally unfair, passes over better-qualified individuals and sets a disturbing legal, political and moral precedent. It creates resentment. It stigmatizes the so-called beneficiaries in the eyes of their classmates, teachers, coworkers and employers. It fosters a victim mindset, removes the incentive for academic excellence and encourages separatism.

In the case of college admissions, it compromises the academic mission of the university and lowers the overall academic quality of the student body. For employers, it lowers productivity by hiring and promoting those other than the best qualified. And it costs taxpayers money, by awarding contracts to those other than the lowest bidder, in the case of set-asides.

It creates pressure to discriminate in grading and graduation, or in employee evaluations. It breeds hypocrisy within schools and companies, and encourages a scofflaw attitude.

It mismatches individuals and colleges or jobs, guaranteeing failure for many of the former.

It papers over and allows society to ignore the real social problem of why so many African-Americans and Latinos are uncompetitive for top schools and jobs. And it gets governments, companies and schools involved in unsavory activities like deciding which racial and ethnic minorities will be favored, which discriminated against, and how much blood is needed to establish group membership.

Preferential Treatment Takes America in the Wrong Direction



America is becoming increasingly multiracial and multiethnic. Individual Americans are becoming increasingly multiethnic and multiracial. In such a country, can we tolerate a legal regime that categorizes people according to skin color and what country their ancestors came from--and then treats some better and others worse on that account?

The longer we have preferential treatment, the more entrenched it will become and the more it will reinforce stereotypes. Affirmative discrimination makes mutual respect more difficult, becomes more divisive as America becomes increasingly multiethnic, and feeds a vicious circle of failure and victim-mentality among those groups supposedly being benefited. The time to end affirmative discrimination is now.

Answers. 37 helpful answers below.

    • by NYRican on February 2nd, 2010
      voted: No

      NYRican

      I voted No, and it has been no always. First of all I give God the thanks for all the jobs I have had, Second I work hard in any job I had, and if they did not want me because of my skin color, then that wasn't the job I wanted. Now I work for myself, Thanks be to God and I'm happy. Remember everybody is going to answer to God for the things done in this live time.

      7 comments | Post one | Permalink

    • by Closed Account on January 2nd, 2010
      voted: Yes

      Closed Account

      But we need to stop the abuse and use it the right way

      1 comment | Post one | Permalink

    • by LifeAfTeRU on February 9th, 2010
      voted: No

      LifeAfTeRU

      NO< NO NO NO- more excuses this is 2010 guys

    • by notperse on February 7th, 2010
      voted: No

      notperse

      I feel that affirmative action is demeaning for many people out there. It's a little bit of a toss-up, because people should respect eachother no matter what. But I think that affirmative action did what it NEEDED so badly to do at the time. But minds change...they get wiser...and they get wider...and affirmative action has probably reached its time to stop looking back to the past.

    • by RosieGHM Jetpacker on February 7th, 2010
      voted: Yes

      RosieGHM Jetpacker

      I don't know if the playing field will ever be level no matter how long we try to make it so. I don't see any harm in giving an extra helping hand to those who need it. Cutting taxes for the rich is affirmative action, isn't it? Benefits the wealthy at the expense of the poor? Paying farmers to not grow food is affirmative action, isn't it? The money is diverted from other areas so that is also at the expense of those who are in need. Whatever you do that benefits one group of people over others is affirmative action, isn't it? Happy Sunday to you! :)

    • by Old School on February 6th, 2010
      voted: Yes

      Old School

      This boils down to two very specific questions:

      1) Do you believe our society is a meritocracy?

      2) Do you believe the aphorism "It's not what you know, it's who you know"?

      If your answers are 1) Yes 2) No, then there is little evidence to support your belief.

      If your answers are 1)No and 2) Yes, then you are on your way to understanding why Affirmative Action is necessary.

      Because people in disadvantaged groups suffered OVERT discrimination in the past, they suffer from structural discrimination today.

      They don't have parents who went to prestigious universities, who can get them 'legacy' admissions (George W. Bush, I'm looking straight at you...)

      They don't have uncles who are executives at MegaGlopCorp who can get them jobs in the mail room.

      The don't get to hang out in the computer lab of their local university while still in high school.

      They don't don't get access to SAT-test-taking courses (which their schools don't offer and their parents can't afford).

      They don't get access to adequate nutrition, and suffer a 10-point drop in IQ relative to their fully-nourished counterparts.

      Etc., etc., etc.

      Of course, it is a curious aspect of human existence that enormous numbers of people can answer 1) Yes 2) Yes to the questions above, and not even realize that the two questions are mutually exclusive and contradictory (never mind what the evidence is on these questions)

      Does this answer mean that I support every affirmative action program that has ever been implemented anywhere? Of course not.

      But it does acknowledge that where there are wrongs, there need to be remedies.

    • by Juxtapose on February 6th, 2010
      voted: No

      Juxtapose

      This is absurd. Enough is enough.
      Slums and ghettos are not racially specific, the unifying reason for people to be there is not the color of their skin, but that they did not take advantage of the opportunities laid before them.

      If anything, caucasion males are having their opportunities (and in many cases, constitutional rights) stripped from them in a blind attempt to balance the economic system even farther in favor of those whose ancestry had a difficult past. Economic hardship is no longer racially specific, and as long as we continue to put emphasis on what color our skin is we only perpetuate racism and segregation.

      You want equal opportunity? Drop every single opportunistic program placing emphasis on gender or the color of skin, and make it situationally based on hard numbers. Slavery and economic racism is in the past, drop it already and move on. There are more important things to worry about and fund than petty grudges.


      Oh, and for those who cry about still getting discrimination:
      Do you have any idea how terrifying it is to be a white male and say anything to anyone who isn't a white male? All it takes is one statement which can be twisted into a racist comment for us to lose our jobs, our money, and be treated like a racist pig. I've seen it happen too many times. Stop complaining, we're completely discriminated against on a daily basis because of you people who treat everyone white as racist. You're the real racists.

    • by Blessed has a COAT of many colors on February 3rd, 2010
      voted: No

      Blessed has a COAT of many colors

      Affirmative action has had almost fifty years to work. If it was effective, wouldn't it have done its job by now? I mean really, you only have two choices here, maybe three. Either Affirmative Action is ineffective and possibly even harmful to blacks, or blacks are incapable of being equal citizens and are somehow inferior. I absolutely don't believe that blacks are in any way inferior, so I'm left with the idea that affirmative action is actually holding them back. I think it is high time we stop holding them back and making them second class citizen and either lead, follow or get the heck out of their way.

    • by Omar Little on February 3rd, 2010
      voted: No

      Omar Little

      Yes, we absolutely do still need AA, allow me to explain why.
      You see, women are inferior to men, and non-whites are inferior to whites, in every way, shape, or form, anyone can see this, we all know it, and no-one knows it more than those in favour of AA. Since women could never possibly compete with the sheer brilliance of men, and non-whites couldn't even dream of equalling whites in anything, then it's only fair that they're given a helping hand, a leg up if you will, because without an unfair, enforced advantage, they'd stand no chance of competing.

      I know to most who witness endless streams of (usually black) women snapping their fingers and insisting they can do anything a man can do, only better, will think that AA is insane, since black women themselves are claiming superiority, even singing about such superiority (example: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Usz-vwNGCxA ) over men, but the fact is, although they talk a good game, they know they're inferior, so they should have the benefit of AA.

      Right, I'm voting no, just to clear up, my first 2 paragraphs are just me giving an example of how AA comes across, I do not actually hold those beliefs, just trying to let people see how offensive, patronising, and utterly insulting on the most grotesque level, AA actually is.

      The following is what I do believe.
      Equal opportunity does not mean equal outcome.

      I have said this before, and annoyed a lot of people in the process, and I'll do the same again, OK, here goes, for as long as AA is in existence, I will never take any woman, or any non-white person seriously when it comes to their profession, from plumber to surgeon, from cleaner to Secretary Of Defence, I will not take any of them seriously, not as long as they are given an advantage over anyone else simply because of the way they were born, no matter how small and insignificant that advantage may seem, any advantage at all removes all possibility of me taking them seriously.

      Something that those who favour AA need to understand, and need to understand well, is that there is no amount of shaming language in the world that will change my mind. Call me misogynist, say I'm racist all you want, if that's what makes you sleep easier at night, go ahead, but know this, I do not think the way I do because of any personal hatred, malice, or resentment I have for a particular part of society, I feel the way I do because people like yourself force me to do so, and leave me very little option, this is something you really need to understand.

      I will simply do a little checklist, lumping all adult women and non-whites into one category, let's see how many we can tick off as "yes";
      Are they capable human beings? Check.
      Are they intelligent adults? Check.
      Should they be treated as adults in all aspects of society? Check.
      Should they be given the same opportunity as everyone else? Check.

      I'm having great difficulty finding a reason for them to be given an unfair advantage over anyone else.

      Just to clarify, I'm a white male, and I would like to give an example of how pathetic those in favour of AA are, so here's my impression of one;
      "Sob, sob, boo-hoo, gush, gush, us poor white men never win the 100m race at the Olympics, this is because the Olympic committee just don't like white men, and have constructed the race to be a disadvantage to us, sob, sob, can we get a 10, maybe 20m start? It'll even out this horrible injustice against the white man once and for all (although if you give us this, we'll push our luck and demand it in every single corner of society)".
      Aren't they just pathetic? Of course they are, crying about an injustice that does not exist, or directly affect them, and then demanding an advantage based on their lies, those white men are just pitiful, is what I'm sure you'd hear if white men behaved this way, yet when women and non-whites behave this way, we've not to mention it in fear of being labelled racist or sexist, well label away, you'll never change my mind on this.

      Although AA is cast-iron discrimination against men and whites, it's not them that get my sympathy, men and whites are brilliant, we'll cope, my sympathy goes out to those women and non-whites who have genuinely earned their position on merit, those who have worked hard and had to overcome the same barriers any white man would, they get my genuine sympathy, because they are now nothing more than a needle in a haystack, there's no way of knowing if they earned their position on merit, or earned it with a little helping hand that white men do not get, so trying to find the female, or non-white professional who is actually a professional, is like finding, well, a needle in a haystack, and although most will not admit it, no-one will take the genuine professionals seriously, I mean actually seriously, in case that professional turns out to be an amateur in professional's clothing.

    • by Zofmui on February 2nd, 2010
      voted: No

      Zofmui

      I would like to see the question regarding a person's race or ethnicity removed from job applications and school admission forms. Then the choice would be made without race influencing the decision.

    • by Wary Old Guy bit the dust on February 2nd, 2010
      voted: No

      Wary Old Guy bit the dust

      Affirmative Action was never intended to drone on in perpetuity. It was supposed to give the disadvantaged a "jump start" at a time when overwhelming bigotry existed in many areas of the US- so bad that blacks, in the main, faced a future not unlike the serfs in the Middle Ages.
      Affirmative Action has done all it can do; that much should be obvious, since two generations have come of age since Affirmative Action first was enacted.
      I believe one should be able to answer the question in the negative without being labeled a bigot. I believe that the protected groups have seen enough success, among those (seemingly) motivated to succeed, that it is not only "okay" to phase out Affirmative Action, but obligatory, as testament to those who used it to their advantage and made their own way in the world.
      They've proven that it can be done, and the hangers-on that perpetually rely on such class preference(which it has become) only discredit true achievement.

    • by quicknuss on February 2nd, 2010
      voted: Yes

      quicknuss

      As long as a certain peoples lives in a "ghetto/slum" than we are obligated to support them in their success.

    • by BigDog1234 on February 2nd, 2010
      voted: No

      BigDog1234

      Affirmative action is just legalized discrimination against white people. People shoudl be judged by their talents and abilities, not the color of their skin. Affirmative action goes directly against Dr. King due to the fact that all men aren't being treated equal.

    • by ThatGuyTed on February 1st, 2010
      voted: No

      ThatGuyTed

      Having no racial discrimination means NO racial descrimination. A person is hired only by thier qualifications, not by some arbitrary quota.

      The race card is maxed out. Time to start paying with some personal responsibility.

    • by Twisted Taco on February 1st, 2010

      Twisted Taco

      I prefer Negative Action myself

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    • by SalientAlien on January 1st, 2010
      voted: No

      SalientAlien

      Affirmative action is an academic idea that is disconnected from the real world. It's a rigid command and control structure inserted into a complex, dynamic, decentralized system. Hiring decisions must be made on merit. If you had an inadequate education, you're going to have to work harder to get where you want than those with a good education. Nobody ever said life is fair.

    • by Missnicolehw on February 8th, 2010
      voted: Yes

      Missnicolehw

      It's not just the Affirmative Action for black kids but aisain and handicaps too.

    • by Don Gorgeous George on February 19th, 2010
      voted: No

      Don Gorgeous George

      Affirmative action is complete nonsense. We have a white guy who is the most qualified to do a job, but by law we have to hire the less qualified black guy just to even out racial percentages in the workplace. What a joke. Fighting racism with discrimination is like putting out a fire with a flame thrower.

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    • by vedabindu on February 8th, 2010
      voted: No

      vedabindu

      Virtually most of the existing 'affirmative action' intended government and NGO gestures have all been either just a 'token service' towards the really derserving OR a more materialistic one and that in favour of the least deserving ones in terms of material needs or mental talent.

      So - Let us vote for an 'all humanity affirmatice action' to 'Promote Justice and Virtue in particular' - individually or institutionally.

      veda
      Bengaluru
      India

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    • by sammy105 on March 6th, 2010
      voted: No

      sammy105

      I have a number of reasons why I"m anti-AA. First and foremost - if any person enrolled in a university or community college ACCIDENTALLY finds out they were slid into the establishment mainly due to the color of their skin or their sexual orientation, they'd be crushed 10 times more than the standard letter of refusal one gets from a college they apply to in first place.
      Second, I believe this would actually promote racism and hatred. If there's a racist or homophobic person in too high of a place in a school making decisions on who gets in and who doesn't, and Affirmative Action forces his/her hand to allow in the minority they dislike - their hatred for that minority is likely to go up exponentially.
      If someone has a problem with a certain race or orientation, one way or other - it'll show its ugly face and cause problems. However, I believe these issues should be solved on everyday basis. If I hear someone put down gay people, or black people, or Asian or Hispanic, I'll have to keep an eye open all the time and wonder if their comments would affect other people, too.
      But AA would only lead to more finger pointing and frustration.

      No comments. Post one | Permalink

    • by Superjay45 on February 9th, 2010
      voted: No

      Superjay45

      Nope not at all, I think 2008 is good enough prove we don't need affirmative action anymore maybe back in the 50s through 70s but now that we are all truly "equal" I think I should be able to take a test and be evaluated fairly to my peers why should a minority get a better chance at my job just because he is a minority, its totally unfair and quite possibly racist against all races.

      No comments. Post one | Permalink

    • by The Editor on February 13th, 2010
      voted: No

      The Editor

      No. Although I believe entirely in equal rights, I think it's starting to get to the point that we need to take the crutches off.

      No comments. Post one | Permalink

    • by AryanJake on February 11th, 2010
      voted: No

      AryanJake

      It's a symptom of Cultural Marxism, the backwardness that's plagued the West and turned great men into oppressors and racists, and the bottom into the poor defenseless oppressed 'minority'. Well folks, Whites are the ever shrinking world minority and are undergoing cultural genocide, as well as a literal murderous genocide in South Africa. We speak our minds and we're racists. We gather in crowds, representing ideas rather than ourselves as a people (tea parties) and we're evil racists. We're slaughtered, and the murders rationalize their evils by demonizing us as yep, you guessed it, racists.

    • by johnny5401 on February 11th, 2010
      voted: No

      johnny5401

      Real simple guys- 12% of the population is black, of that probably 6% are working ages and actually do work. Of that 6% probably 1/3 are in non-blue collar jobs with real advancement potential. So if 98% of the executives and CEO'S etc. Are not black I say ..."sounds about right".

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    • by leonardbiblitz on February 16th, 2010
      voted: Yes

      leonardbiblitz

      But make sure you don't follow Canada's mistake with aboriginals http://www.askbiblitz.com/res-compensation.php, that you impose some sort of review process to see whether such a program is still required. Canada, unfortunately, seems to be locked into a post-war reparations scheme with Indians that's gone on for 250 yrs with no end in sight even tho Canada is a considerably more liberalized country now. Don't leave these things open-ended!

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    • by feenicks on February 3rd, 2010
      voted: Yes

      feenicks

      For the the people at the Center for Equal opportunity.
      When equal opportunity is available to all I will agree with you.
      As of today opportunity is not available equally, as why would large demographic groups still be overrepresented in one social position or another.
      Are you a CEO of a large company? You are more likely to be male and WASPish.
      Are you a prisoner in one of the "correctional" (what a joke) facilities. You are more likely to be poor and non-white.
      Equal opportunity in action eh?

    • by Siyanor on February 1st, 2010
      voted: No

      Siyanor

      We never once needed Affirmative Action. It has done absolutely nothing useful. All it did was lower the US standards of education. That is LITERALLY the exact function of Affirmative Action. It's not meant to educate, it's meant to force teachers to pass students who don't know anything by making them not need to know anything to pass.

      No comments. Post one | Permalink

    • by Anonymous on February 1st, 2010
      voted: Yes

      Anonymous

      Yes we do still need affirmative action black are still being discriminated againist on every level.Just becasue we got we got a black president doesnt change the fact we are still being discriminated againist.

    • by Old School on February 1st, 2010
      voted: Yes

      Old School

      OF COURSE we still need affirmative action.

      How else would can Upper Class Twits like George W. Bush grow up to be President if we don't provide them a leg up.

      How would GWB ever have gotten into Yale if his grandapa wasn't Prescott Bush?

      How would GWB ever have gotten into Harvard Business School if not for being a member of the downtrodden Bush 'legacy'?

      Imagine if poor GWB had been subject to the military draft, instead of being stashed in the National Guard because of Grandpa and Daddy's influence.

      How could GWB ever have been allowed to start up and run into bankruptcy three oil exploration companies if not for the 'affirmative action' of Bush and bin Laden family money?

      How would GWB ever been able to be the 'face' of the Texas Rangers ownership group if not for 'preferential treatment' given to Bush family money and connections.

      Would anyone have taken seriously the political aspirations of a coke-snorting alcoholic overgrown frat boy if not for the 'government handout' of his family name by Grandpa and Pappy Bush?

      If not for the 'affirmative action' of dynastic family wealth, old-boy networks, and nepotism, the imbecilic rich would be seriously underrepresented in many walks of life.

      Is that an America you want to live in?


      I remember back in the late '90s when Ira Katznelson, an eminent political scientist at Columbia, came to deliver a guest lecture to an economic philosophy class I was taking. It was a great lecture, made more so by the fact that the class was only about ten or twelve students and we got got ask all kinds of questions and got a lot of great, provocative answers. Anyhow, Prof. Katznelson described a lunch he had with Irving Kristol back either during the first Bush administration. The talk turned to William Kristol, then Dan Quayle's chief of staff, and how he got his start in politics. Irving recalled how he talked to his friend Harvey Mansfield at Harvard, who secured William a place there as both an undergrad and graduate student; how he talked to Pat Moynihan, then Nixon's domestic policy adviser, and got William an internship at The White House; how he talked to friends at the RNC and secured a job for William after he got his Harvard Ph.D.; and how he arranged with still more friends for William to teach at UPenn and the Kennedy School of Government. With that, Prof. Katznelson recalled, he then asked Irving what he thought of affirmative action. "I oppose it", Irving replied. "It subverts meritocracy."

    • by Anonymous on December 18th, 2009
      voted: Yes

      Anonymous

      But it's done now.

      I just thought it was funny when White folks in California got upset when the amount of White students went down in the top university and they started talking about diversity. I mean you got what you wanted.

      I think it's funny in TX how Affirmative Access isn't really working because it fails to address the fact that the top students from underprivileged areas have a poor quality education and have trouble competing in the top state Colleges and University.

      As long as you are poor you will get the shaft.

      No Child Left Behind my ass!

      The only way to improve problem areas is to focus on them. They should look at how the military went about addressing educational deficiencies with its underprivileged recruits.

      Taking money away from schools that need it and giving extra money to those who don't is backwards.

    • by Wallacabayka on February 2nd, 2010
      voted: No

      Wallacabayka

      This is an emotionally charged topic for our African Americans. Affirmative Action has good intentions, but it was quickly exploited by politicians and other snakes looking for leverage and easy money. Our generation is definitely past the point of needing such a thing. Slavery caused years of segregation and distrust between whites and blacks. We do not need the bitterness of the past dictating our future as Americans. By keeping Affirmative Action, we are saying that we never really triumphed over slavery and mindless hatred. I say we HAVE obtained victory over the evils of our ancestors, and therefore do not need Affirmative Action.

    • by MrJosh on February 3rd, 2010
      voted: Yes

      MrJosh

      Yes, we do need affirmative action, but we need to understand it better (and apply it better). At its most basic, affirmative action means that you are taking steps to remove race and sex from the decision making process and include access to all. It is NOT a quota for minorities, and is NOT a policy of giving unqualified minorities positions over qualified white males.

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    • by kate123 on February 5th, 2010
      voted: No

      kate123

      We will always have these problems...I know in school I got judged by other ethnic groups and called names more freely for being white. I am not at all racist. I refuse to associate with anyone who is. But it is not fair or right for it to be accepted for people to be mean to me bc I am white. Girls got beat up for accidentally bumping into ethnic girls at school bc they were white...My sister is half japanese and had to be taken out of school for kids being so mean to her...and we lived in a normal area...its a very broad range issue...

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    • by Aspergers syndrome on February 5th, 2010
      voted: No

      Aspergers syndrome

      I do mostly support affirmative action. However it should only be used as a tiebreaker.

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    • by Great Dane on February 4th, 2010
      voted: Yes

      Great Dane

      The Affirmative Action system is far from perfect. However, it beats discrimination and the 'good ol boy' network.

    • by J and B on December 14th, 2009
      voted: No

      J and B

      Actually "we" (the people) never needed it. It was simply a way to get around hiring the best qualified, which usually weren't a protected class minority, and simply hire the qualified, or marginally qualified.

    • by American-In-Training on February 7th, 2010
      voted: No

      American-In-Training

      While there are some exceptions, black people generally only have to look at themselves as a big factor for why they have not advanced in the world more than they have.
      Its not always other people's fault.
      There are tons of ego problems and wrong attitudes that get in the way of black people's lives and until these change, black people will not advance.

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